Tricyclic heterocyclic compounds as phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitors

ABSTRACT

A compound of formula I: 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: W is O, N—H, N—(C 1 -C 10  alkyl) or S; each X is independently CH or N; R 1  is a 5 to 7-membered saturated or unsaturated, optionally substituted heterocycle containing at least 1 heteroatom selected from N or O; R 2  is LY; each L is a direct bond, C 1 -C 10  alkylene, C 2 -C 10  alkenylene or C 2 -C 10  alkynylene; Y is an optionally substituted fused, bridged or spirocyclic non-aromatic 5-12 membered heterocycle containing up to 4 heteroatoms selected from N or O; and each R 3  is independently H, C 1 -C 10  alkyl, halogen, fluoro C 1 -C 10  alkyl, O—C 1 -C 10  alkyl, NH—C 1 -C 10  alkyl, S—C 1 -C 10  alkyl, O-fluoro C 1 -C 10  alkyl, NH-acyl, NH—C(O)—NH—C 1 -C 10  alkyl, C(O)—NH—C 1 -C 10  alkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, are useful as inhibitors of the class IA phosphoinositide 3-kinase enzyme, PI3K-p110δ, and therefore have potential utility in the therapy of cancer, immune and inflammatory diseases.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a national stage filing under 35 U.S.C. § 371 ofPCT/GB2015/050396, filed Feb. 12, 2015, which claims priority to PatentApplication No. GB1402431.9, filed Feb. 12, 2014, the entire disclosureof each of which is incorporated by reference herein.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to novel compounds which act as inhibitorsof the class IA phosphoinositide 3-kinase enzyme, PI3K-p110δ, for thetreatment of cancer, immune and inflammatory diseases.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) constitute a family of lipidkinases involved in the regulation of a network of signal transductionpathways that control a range of cellular processes. PI3Ks areclassified into three distinct subfamilies, named class I, II, and IIIbased upon their substrate specificities. Class IA PI3Ks possess ap110α, p110β, or p110δ catalytic subunit complexed with one of threeregulatory subunits, p85α, p85β or p55δ. Class IA PI3Ks are activated byreceptor tyrosine kinases, antigen receptors, G-protein coupledreceptors (GPCRs), and cytokine receptors. The class IA PI3Ks primarilygenerate phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (PI(3,4,5)P₃), a secondmessenger that activates the downstream target AKT. The consequences ofbiological activation of AKT include tumour cell progression,proliferation, survival and growth, and there is significant evidencesuggesting that the PI3K/AKT pathway is dysregulated in many humancancers. Additionally, PI3K activity has been implicated inendocrinology, cardiovascular disease, immune disorders andinflammation. It has been established that PI3K-p110δ plays a criticalrole in the recruitment and activation of immune and inflammatory cells.PI3K-p110δ is also upregulated in a number of human tumours and plays akey role in tumour cell proliferation and survival.

Compounds which are able to modulate p110δ activity have importanttherapeutic potential in cancer and immune and inflammatory disorders.

WO 2011/021038describes compounds which act as inhibitors of PI3K-p110δ.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a selection of compounds havingincreased activity and/or bioavailability over the compounds describedin WO 2011/021038. Without wishing to be bound by theory, this isbelieved to be owing to the provision of a bridged or spirocyclicnon-aromatic group in the R² position.

Therefore, the present invention is a compound of Formula I:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

W is O, N—H, N—(C₁-C₁₀ alkyl) or S;

each X is selected independently for each occurrence from CH, CR³, or N;

R¹ is a 5 to 7-membered saturated or unsaturated, optionally substitutedheterocycle containing at least 1 heteroatom selected from N or O;

R² is L-Y;

each L is selected from the group consisting of a direct bond, C₁-C₁₀alkylene, C₂-C₁₀ alkenylene and C₂-C₁₀ alkynylene;

Y is an optionally substituted fused, bridged or spirocyclicnon-aromatic heterocycle containing up to 4 heteroatoms (for example,one, two, three or four heteroatoms) each independently selected from Nor O, and comprising 5 to 12 carbon or heteroatoms in total; and

each R³ is independently H, C₁-C₁₀ alkyl, halogen, fluoro C₁-C₁₀ alkyl,O—C₁-C₁₀ alkyl, —NH—C₁-C₁₀ alkyl, S—C₁-C₁₀ alkyl, O—fluoro C₁-C₁₀ alkyl,NH-acyl, NH—C (O)—NH—C₁-C₁₀ alkyl, C(O)—NH—C₁-C₁₀ alkyl, aryl orheteroaryl.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Definitions

As used herein, “alkyl” means a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, which can be linearor branched. Preferably, it is a C₁-C₆ alkyl moiety. More preferably, itis a C₁-C₄ alkyl moiety. Examples include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl andt-butyl. It may be divalent, e.g. propylene.

As used herein, “alkenyl” means a C₂-C₁₀ alkenyl group. Preferably, itis a C₂-C₆ alkenyl group. More preferably, it is a C₂-C₄ alkenyl group.The alkenyl radicals may be mono— or di-saturated, more preferablymonosaturated. Examples include vinyl, allyl, 1-propenyl, isopropenyland 1-butenyl. It may be divalent, e.g. propenylene.

As used herein, “alkynyl” is a C₂-C₁₀ alkynyl group which can be linearor branched. Preferably, it is a C₂-C₄ alkynyl group or moiety. It maybe divalent.

Each of the C₁-C₁₀ alkyl, C₂-C₁₀ alkenyl and C₂-C₁₀ alkynyl groups maybe optionally substituted with each other, i.e. C₁-C₁₀ alkyl optionallysubstituted with C₂-C₁₀ alkenyl. They may also be optionally substitutedwith aryl, cycloalkyl (preferably C₃-C₁₀), aryl or heteroaryl. They mayalso be substituted with halogen (e.g. F, Cl), NH₂, NO₂ or hydroxyl.Preferably, they may be substituted with up to 10 halogen atoms or morepreferably up to 5 halogens. For example, they may be substituted by 1,2, 3, 4 or 5 halogen atoms. Preferably, the halogen is fluorine. Forexample, they may be substituted with CF₃, CHF₂, CH₂CF₃, CH₂CHF₂ orCF₂CF₃.

As used herein, the term “fluoro C₁-C₁₀ alkyl” means a C₁-C₁₀ alkylsubstituted with one or more fluorine atoms. Preferably, one, two,three, four or five fluorine atoms. Examples of “fluoro C₁-C₁₀ alkyl”are CF₃, CHF₂, CH₂F, CH₂CF₃, CH₂CHF₂ or CF₂CF₃.

As used herein, “aryl” means a monocyclic, bicyclic, or tricyclicmonovalent or divalent (as appropriate) aromatic radical, such asphenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, anthracenyl, which can be optionallysubstituted with up to five substituents preferably selected from thegroup of C₁-C₆ alkyl, hydroxy, C₁-C₃ hydroxyalkyl, C₁-C₃ alkoxy, C₁-C₃haloalkoxy, amino, C₁-C₃ mono alkylamino, C₁-C₃ bis alkylamino, C₁-C₃acylamino, C₁-C₃ aminoalkyl, mono (C₁-C₃ alkyl) amino C₁-C₃ alkyl,bis(C₁-C₃ alkyl) amino C₁-C₃ alkyl, C₁-C₃-acylamino, C₁-C₃ alkylsulfonylamino, halo, nitro, cyano, trifluoromethyl, carboxy, C₁-C₃alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, mono C₁-C₃ alkyl aminocarbonyl, bis C₁-C₃alkyl aminocarbonyl, —SO₃H, C₁-C₃ alkylsulfonyl, aminosulfonyl, monoC₁-C₃ alkyl aminosulfonyl and bis C₁-C₃-alkyl aminosulfonyl.

As used herein, “heteroaryl” means a monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclicmonovalent or divalent (as appropriate) aromatic radical containing upto four heteroatoms selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, such asthiazolyl, isothiazolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl,thienyl, pyrazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, indolyl,quinolyl, isoquinolyl, triazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, saidradical being optionally substituted with up to three substituentspreferably selected from the group of C₁-C₆ alkyl, hydroxy, C₁-C₃hydroxyalkyl, C₁-C₃ alkoxy, C₁-C₃ haloalkoxy, amino, C₁-C₃ monoalkylamino, C₁-C₃ bis alkylamino, C₁-C₃ acylamino, C₁-C₃ aminoalkyl,mono (C₁-C₃ alkyl) amino C₁-C₃ alkyl, bis (C₁-C₃ alkyl) amino C₁-C₃alkyl, C₁-C₃-acylamino, C₁-C₃ alkyl sulfonylamino, halo, nitro, cyano,trifluoromethyl, carboxy, C₁-C₃ alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, monoC₁-C₃ alkyl aminocarbonyl, bis C₁-C₃ alkyl aminocarbonyl, —SO₃H, C₁-C₃alkylsulfonyl, aminosulfonyl, mono C₁-C₃ alkyl aminosulfonyl and bisC₁-C₃-alkyl aminosulfonyl.

As used herein, the term “heterocycle” or “heterocycloalkyl” is a mono-or di-valent carbocyclic radical containing up to 4 heteroatoms selectedfrom oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur. Preferably, it contains one or twoheteroatoms. Preferably, at least one of the heteroatoms is nitrogen. Itmay be monocyclic or bicyclic. It is preferably saturated. Examples ofheterocycles are piperidine, piperazine, thiomorpholine, morpholine,azetidine or oxetane. More preferably, the heterocycle is morpholine.

The heterocyclic ring may be mono-or di-unsaturated. The radical may beoptionally substituted with up to three substituents independentlyselected from C₁-C₆ alkyl, hydroxy, C₁-C₃ hydroxyalkyl, C₁-C₃ alkoxy,C₁-C₃ haloalkoxy, amino, C₁-C₃ mono alkylamino, C₁-C₃ bis alkylamino,C₁-C₃ acylamino, C₁-C₃ aminoalkyl, mono (C₁-C₃ alkyl) amino C₁-C₃ alkyl, bis (C₁-C₃ alkyl) amino C₁-C₃ alkyl, C₁-C₃-acylamino, C₁-C₃ alkylsulfonylamino, halo (e.g. F), nitro, cyan, carboxy, C₁-C₃-haloalkyl(e.g. CF₃), C₁-C₃ alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, mono C₁-C₃ alkylaminocarbonyl, bis C₁-C₃ alkyl aminocarbonyl, —SO₃H, C₁-C₃alkylsulfonyl, aminosulfonyl, mono C₁-C₃ alkyl aminosulfonyl and bisC₁-C₃-alkyl aminosulfonyl.

In summary, each of the groups defined above, i.e., alkyl, alkenyl,alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocycle, heterocycloalkyl, may beoptionally substituted with up to three substituents preferably selectedfrom the group of C₁-C₆ alkyl, hydroxy, C₁-C₃ hydroxyalkyl, C₁-C₃alkoxy, C₁-C₃ haloalkoxy, amino, C₁-C₃ mono alkylamino, C₁-C₃ bisalkylamino, C₁-C₃ acylamino, C₁-C₃ aminoalkyl, mono (C₁-C₃ alkyl) aminoC₁-C₃ alkyl, bis (C₁-C₃ alkyl) amino C₁-C₃ alkyl, C₁-C₃-acylamino, C₁-C₃alkyl sulfonylamino, acyl, halo (e.g. fluoro), nitro, cyano,trifluoromethyl, carboxy, C₁-C₃ alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, monoC₁-C₃ alkyl aminocarbonyl, bis C₁-C₃ alkyl aminocarbonyl, —SO₃H, C₁-C₃alkylsulfonyl, aminosulfonyl, mono C₁-C₃ alkyl aminosulfonyl and bisC₁-C₃-alkyl aminosulfonyl.

It should be noted that —NH—C₁-C₁₀ alkyl, NH-acyl, NH—C(O)—NH—C₁-C₁₀alkyl and C(O)—NH—C₁-C₁₀ alkyl can also be written as —N—C₁-C₁₀ alkyl,N-acyl, N—C (O)—N—C₁-C₁₀ alkyl and C(O)—N—C₁-C₁₀ alkyl.

As used herein, the above groups can be followed by the suffix -ene.This means that the group is divalent, i.e. a linker group.

As used herein, the term “fused” is intended to take its usual meaningwithin the art of organic chemistry. Fused systems, for example fusedbicyclic systems, are those in which two rings share two and only twoatoms.

As used herein, the term “bridged” is intended to take its usual meaningwithin the art of organic chemistry. Bridged compounds are compoundswhich contain interlocking rings. According to the invention, the atomsof the bridged non-aromatic group which form the bridgehead is either atertiary carbon atom (when the remaining atom is hydrogen) or aquaternary carbon atom (when the remaining atom is not hydrogen). Thebridge can be considered to be a chain of atoms (for example, alkyl) ora single atom (for example, O, S, N, C) connecting two bridgeheads.

As used herein, the term “spirocyclic” is intended to take its usualmeaning within the art of organic chemistry. For example, a spirocycliccompound is a bicycle whose rings are attached though just one atom(known as a spiroatom). The rings may be different in size, or they maybe the same size. Preferably, according to the invention, the two ringswhich are joined via the same atom are non-aromatic heterocycles,preferably heterocycloalkyls. For example, the spirocyclic non-aromaticgroup of Formula I may be a bicycle wherein both rings areheterocycloalkyl and are attached through the same atom, preferably acarbon atom.

Compounds with which the invention is concerned which may exist in oneor more stereoisomeric form, because of the presence of asymmetric atomsor rotational restrictions, can exist as a number of stereoisomers withR or S stereochemistry at each chiral centre or as atropisomeres with Ror S stereochemistry at each chiral axis. The invention includes allsuch enantiomers and diastereoisomers and mixtures thereof.

Preferred Groups of the Invention

Preferably, a compound of the invention is as defined in claim 1, butmay additionally be a compound where at least one R³ is NH₂.

Preferably, R¹ is represented by any of the following structures:

Most preferably, R¹ is morpholine.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, W is oxygen or sulphur,preferably oxygen.

Preferably X is CH.

Preferably R³ is H, C₁-C₁₀ alkyl, halogen or fluoro C₁-C₁₀ alkyl. Morepreferably R³ is H.

Preferably, the 6,5-ring system in Formula I is an indole. In otherwords, R³ is hydrogen and X is CH.

R² may be attached to any suitable atom on the aryl group, as depictedin general formula I. However, it is preferred that R² is attached tothe meta-position of the pyridine ring. For example, if the nitrogenatom of the pyridine is labelled as atom number 1, then R² is attachedin the 3-position.

R² is LY. Preferably, L is C₁-C₁₀ alkylene, preferably methylene.

Preferably, Y is a an optionally substituted bridged or spirocyclicheterocycloalkyl group containing up to 4 heteroatoms selected from N orO, and comprising 5 to 12 atoms in total.

Preferably, Y contains one or two heteroatoms, preferably twoheteroatoms. More preferably, at least one of the heteroatoms isnitrogen and Y is bonded to L through the nitrogen atom, as depicted inthe preferable Y groups below:

wherein:

A is selected from the group consisting of O, S, NR⁴, optionallysubstituted C₁-C₃ alkylene, C₂-C₃ alkenylene and C₂-C₃ alkynylene;

W is selected from the group consisting of NR⁴, O and CH₂;

wherein R⁴ is selected from the group consisting of H, optionallysubstituted C₁-C₁₀ alkyl, C₂-C₁₀ alkenyl, C₂-C₁₀ alkynyl and C₁-C₃halofluoroalkyl;

is selected from 0, 1 or 2;

each m is independently selected from 0, 1 or 2; and

each n is independently selected from 1, 2 or 3.

Preferably, A is O or C₁-C₃ alkylene, most preferably methylene.

Preferably, W is O or CH₂, most preferably O.

When R⁴ is present, it is preferably H, C₁-C₃ alkyl or C₁-C₃halofluoroalkyl. More preferably, R⁴ is H.

Preferably, each m and n is selected so as to form 5-, 6- or 7-memberednitrogen containing heterocycloalkyl groups. Preferably, p is 1. Inparticular, when A is O, S or NR⁴, p is 1.

Y is preferably bicyclic, more preferably bridged bicyclic orspirocyclic bicyclic.

Even more preferably, Y is selected from one of the following groups:

In certain embodiments, provided herein are compounds represented by:

where Y and R³ are defined above.

In another embodiment, provided herein are compounds represented by:

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,wherein:R₃₃ is independently selected for each occurrence from the groupconsisting of H, halogen, NH—C₁₋₃alkyl, NH₂, C₁₋₆alkyl and —O—C₁₋₆alkyl(wherein C₁₋₆alkyl for each occurrence is optionally substituted by one,two or three substituents selected from halogen and hydroxyl);R³⁴ is selected from H or C₁₋₃alkyl;R⁴⁴ and R⁴⁵, when taken together with the nitrogen to which they areattached form a 7-10 membered bicyclic spirocycle or bridged heterocycleeach having an additional heteroatom selected from O, S, or NR⁵⁵,wherein R⁵⁵ is H or C₁₋₃alkyl.

For example, R⁴⁴ and R⁴⁵, when taken together with the nitrogen to whichthey are attached may form a 7-8 membered bicyclic bridged heterocyclerepresented by:

wherein D is O, S or NR⁵⁵; E is O or (CH₂)_(r), wherein is 1 or 2, and Vis O or NR⁵⁵, wherein R⁵⁵ is H or C₁₋₃alkyl.

In another exemplary embodiment, R⁴⁴ and R⁴⁵, when taken together withthe nitrogen to which they are attached form a 7-10 membered spirocyclehaving one additional heteroatom selected from O or NR⁵⁵, wherein R⁵⁵ isH or C₁₋₃alkyl. Alternatively, R⁴⁴ and R⁴⁵, taken together with thenitrogen to which they are attached may be a Y substituent as describedabove.

Examples of structures embodying the invention are:

A pharmaceutical composition of the invention typically contains up to85 wt % of a compound of the invention. More typically, it contains upto 50 wt % of a compound of the invention. Preferred pharmaceuticalcompositions are sterile and pyrogen-free. Further, the pharmaceuticalcompositions provided by the invention typically contain a compound ofthe invention which is a substantially pure optical isomer. Preferably,the pharmaceutical composition comprises a pharmaceutically acceptablesalt form of a compound of the invention. For example, contemplatedherein is a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising adisclosed compound and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

As used herein, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt is a salt with apharmaceutically acceptable acid or base. Pharmaceutically acceptableacids include both inorganic acids such as hydrochloric, sulphuric,phosphoric, diphosphoric, hydrobromic or nitric acid and organic acidssuch as citric, fumaric, maleic, malic, ascorbic, succinic, tartaric,benzoic, acetic, methanesulphonic, ethanesulphonic, salicylic, stearic,benzenesulphonic or p-toluenesulphonic acid. Pharmaceutically acceptablebases include alkali metal (e.g. sodium or potassium) and alkali earthmetal (e.g. calcium or magnesium) hydroxides and organic bases such asalkyl amines, aryl amines or heterocyclic amines.

For the avoidance of doubt, the present invention also embraces prodrugswhich react in vivo to give a compound of the present invention.

The compounds of the invention may be prepared by synthetic routes thatwill be apparent to those skilled in the art, e.g, based on theExamples.

The compounds of the invention and compositions comprising them may beadministered in a variety of dosage forms. In one embodiment, apharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of the invention may beformulated in a format suitable for oral, rectal, parenteral, intranasalor transdermal administration or administration by inhalation or bysuppository. Typical routes of administration are parenteral, intranasalor transdermal administration or administration by inhalation.

The compounds of the invention can be administered orally, for exampleas tablets, troches, lozenges, aqueous or oily suspensions, dispersiblepowders or granules. Preferred pharmaceutical compositions of theinvention are compositions suitable for oral administration, for exampletablets and capsules. In some embodiments, disclosed compounds may havesignificantly higher oral bioavailability as compared to compoundshaving a non-spirocycle or non-bridged heterocyclic moiety, e.g., at R²above.

The compounds of the invention may also be administered parenterally,whether subcutaneously, intravenously, intramuscularly, intrasternally,transdermally or by infusion techniques. The compounds may also beadministered as suppositories.

The compounds of the invention may also be administered by inhalation.An advantage of inhaled medications is their direct delivery to the areaof rich blood supply in comparison to many medications taken by oralroute. Thus, the absorption is very rapid as the alveoli have anenormous surface area and rich blood supply and first pass metabolism isbypassed. A further advantage may be to treat diseases of the pulmonarysystem, such that delivering drugs by inhalation delivers them to theproximity of the cells which are required to be treated.

The present invention also provides an inhalation device containing sucha pharmaceutical composition. Typically said device is a metered doseinhaler (MDI), which contains a pharmaceutically acceptable chemicalpropellant to push the medication out of the inhaler.

The compounds of the invention may also be administered by intranasaladministration. The nasal cavity's highly permeable tissue is veryreceptive to medication and absorbs it quickly and efficiently, more sothan drugs in tablet form. Nasal drug delivery is less painful andinvasive than injections, generating less anxiety among patients. Bythis method absorption is very rapid and first pass metabolism isusually bypassed, thus reducing inter-patient variability. Further, thepresent invention also provides an intranasal device containing such apharmaceutical composition.

The compounds of the invention may also be administered by transdermaladministration. The present invention therefore also provides atransdermal patch containing a compound of the invention.

The compounds of the invention may also be administered by sublingualadministration. The present invention therefore also provides asub-lingual tablet comprising a compound of the invention.

A compound of the invention may also be formulated with an agent whichreduces degradation of the substance by processes other than the normalmetabolism of the patient, such as anti-bacterial agents, or inhibitorsof protease enzymes which might be the present in the patient or incommensural or parasite organisms living on or within the patient, andwhich are capable of degrading the compound.

Liquid dispersions for oral administration may be syrups, emulsions andsuspensions.

Suspensions and emulsions may contain as carrier, for example a naturalgum, agar, sodium alginate, pectin, methylcellulose,carboxymethylcellulose, or polyvinyl alcohol. The suspension orsolutions for intramuscular injections may contain, together with theactive compound, a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, e.g. sterilewater, olive oil, ethyl oleate, glycols, e.g. propylene glycol, and ifdesired, a suitable amount of lidocaine hydrochloride.

Solutions for injection or infusion may contain as carrier, for example,sterile water or preferably they may be in the form of sterile, aqueous,isotonic saline solutions.

The compounds of the present invention can be used in both the treatmentand prevention of cancer and can be used in a monotherapy or in acombination therapy. When used in a combination therapy, the compoundsof the present invention are typically used together with small chemicalcompounds such as platinum complexes, anti-metabolites, DNAtopoisomerase inhibitors, radiation, antibody-based therapies (forexample herceptin and rituximab), anti-cancer vaccination, gene therapy,cellular therapies, hormone therapies or cytokine therapy.

In one embodiment of the invention a compound of the invention is usedin combination with another chemotherapeutic or antineoplastic agent inthe treatment of a cancer. Examples of such other chemotherapeutic orantineoplastic agents include platinum complexes including cisplatin andcarboplatin, mitoxantrone, vinca alkaloids for example vincristine andvinblastine, anthracycline antibiotics for example daunorubicin anddoxorubicin, alkylating agents for example chlorambucil and melphalan,taxanes for example paclitaxel, antifolates for example methotrexate andtomudex, epipodophyllotoxins for example etoposide, camptothecins forexample irinotecan and its active metabolite SN38 and DNA methylationinhibitors for example the DNA methylation inhibitors disclosed inWO02/085400.

According to the invention, therefore, products are provided whichcontain a compound of the invention and another chemotherapeutic orantineoplastic agent as a combined preparation for simultaneous,separate or sequential use in alleviating a cancer. Also providedaccording to the invention is the use of compound of the invention inthe manufacture of a medicament for use in the alleviation of cancer bycoadministration with another chemotherapeutic or antineoplastic agent.The compound of the invention and the said other agent may beadministrated in any order. In both these cases the compound of theinvention and the other agent may be administered together or, ifseparately, in any order as determined by a physician.

The PI3K inhibitors of the present invention may also be used to treatabnormal cell proliferation due to insults to body tissue during surgeryin a human patient. These insults may arise as a result of a variety ofsurgical procedures such as joint surgery, bowel surgery, and cheloidscarring. Diseases that produce fibrotic tissue that may be treatedusing the PI3K inhibitors of the present invention include emphysema.Repetitive motion disorders that may be treated using the presentinvention include carpal tunnel syndrome. An example of a cellproliferative disorder that may be treated using the invention is a bonetumour.

Proliferative responses associated with organ transplantation that maybe treated using PI3K inhibitors of the invention include proliferativeresponses contributing to potential organ rejections or associatedcomplications. Specifically, these proliferative responses may occurduring transplantation of the heart, lung, liver, kidney, and other bodyorgans or organ systems.

Abnormal angiogenesis that may be treated using this invention includethose abnormal angiogenesis accompanying rheumatoid arthritis,ischemic-reperfusion related brain edema and injury, cortical ischemia,ovarian hyperplasia and hypervascularity, polycystic ovary syndrome,endometriosis, psoriasis, diabetic retinopathy, and other ocularangiogenic diseases such as retinopathy of prematurity (retrolentalfibroplastic), macular degeneration, corneal graft rejection,neuroscular glaucoma and Oster Webber syndrome.

Examples of diseases associated with uncontrolled angiogenesis that maybe treated according to the present invention include, but are notlimited to retinalichoroidal neovascularisation and cornealneovascularisation. Examples of diseases which include some component ofretinallchoroidal neovascularisation include, but are not limited to,Best's diseases, myopia, optic pits, Stargart's diseases, Paget'sdisease, vein occlusion, artery occlusion, sickle cell anaemia, sarcoid,syphilis, pseudoxanthoma elasticum carotid apo structive diseases,chronic uveitis/vitritis, mycobacterial infections, Lyme's disease,systemic lupus erythematosus, retinopathy of prematurity, Eale'sdisease, diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, Bechet's diseases,infections causing a retinitis or chroiditis, presumed ocularhistoplasmosis, pars planitis, chronic retinal detachment,hyperviscosity syndromes, toxoplasmosis, trauma and post-lasercomplications, diseases associated with rubesis (neovascularisation ofthe angle) and diseases caused by the abnormal proliferation offibrovascular or fibrous tissue including all forms of proliferativevitreoretinopathy. Examples of corneal neovascularisation include, butare not limited to, epidemic keratoconjunctivitis, Vitamin A deficiency,contact lens overwear, atopic keratitis, superior limbic keratitis,pterygium keratitis sicca, sjogrens, acne rosacea, phylectenulosis,diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, corneal graftrejection, Mooren ulcer, Terrien's marginal degeneration, marginalkeratolysis, polyarteritis, Wegener sarcoidosis, Scleritis, periphigoidradial keratotomy, neovascular glaucoma and retrolental fibroplasia,syphilis, Mycobacteria infections, lipid degeneration, chemical burns,bacterial ulcers, fungal ulcers, Herpes simplex infections, Herpeszoster infections, protozoan infections and Kaposi sarcoma.

Chronic inflammatory diseases associated with uncontrolled angiogenesismay also be treated using PI3K inhibitors of the present invention.Chronic inflammation depends on continuous formation of capillarysprouts to maintain an influx of inflammatory cells. The influx andpresence of the inflammatory cells produce granulomas and thus maintainsthe chronic inflammatory state. Inhibition of angiogenesis using a PI3Kinhibitor alone or in conjunction with other anti-inflammatory agentsmay prevent the formation of the granulosmas and thus alleviate thedisease. Examples of chronic inflammatory diseases include, but are notlimited to, inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease andulcerative colitis, psoriasis, sarcoidosis, and rheumatoid arthritis.

Inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease and ulcerativecolitis are characterised by chronic inflammation and angiogenesis atvarious sites in the gastrointestinal tract. For example, Crohn'sdisease occurs as a chronic transmural inflammatory disease that mostcommonly affects the distal ileum and colon but may also occur in anypart of the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus andperianal area. Patients with Crohn's disease generally have chronicdiarrhoea associated with abdominal pain, fever, anorexia, weight lossand abdominal swelling. Ulcerative colitis is also a chronic,nonspecific, inflammatory and ulcerative disease arising in the colonicmucosa and is characterised by the presence of bloody diarrhoea. Theseinflammatory bowel diseases are generally caused by chronicgranulomatous inflammation throughout the gastrointestinal tract,involving new capillary sprouts surrounded by a cylinder of inflammatorycells. Inhibition of angiogenesis by these inhibitors should inhibit theformation of the sprouts and prevent the formation of granulomas.Inflammatory bowel diseases also exhibit extra intestinalmanifestations, such as skin lesions. Such lesions are characterized byinflammation and angiogenesis and can occur at many sites other thegastrointestinal tract. Inhibition of angiogenesis by PI3K inhibitorsaccording to the present invention can reduce the influx of inflammatorycells and prevent lesion formation.

Sarcoidosis, another chronic inflammatory disease, is characterized as amultisystem granulomatous disorder. The granulomas of this disease canform anywhere in the body. Thus, the symptoms depend on the site of thegranulomas and whether the disease is active. The granulomas are createdby the angiogenic capillary sprouts providing a constant supply ofinflammatory cells. By using PI3K inhibitors according to the presentinvention to inhibit angiogenesis, such granulomas formation can beinhibited. Psoriasis, also a chronic and recurrent inflammatory disease,is characterised by papules and plaques of various sizes. Treatmentusing these inhibitors alone or in conjunction with otheranti-inflammatory agents should prevent the formation of new bloodvessels necessary to maintain the characteristic lesions and provide thepatient relief from the symptoms.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is also a chronic inflammatory diseasecharacterised by non-specific inflammation of the peripheral joints. Itis believed that the blood vessels in the synovial lining of the jointsundergo angiogenesis. In addition to forming new vascular networks, theendothelial cells release factors and reactive oxygen species that leadto pannus growth and cartilage destruction. The factors involved inangiogenesis may actively contribute to, and help maintain, thechronically inflamed state of rheumatoid arthritis. Treatment using PI3Kinhibitors according to the present invention alone or in conjunctionwith other anti-RA agents may prevent the formation of new blood vesselsnecessary to maintain the chronic inflammation.

Preferably, the condition is cancer, notably leukaemias includingchronic myelogenous leukaemia and acute myeloid leukaemia, lymphomas,solid tumours, and PTEN-negative tumours including PTEN-negativehaematological, breast, lung, endometrial, skin, brain and prostatecancers (where PTEN refers to “phosphatise and tensin homolog deleted onchromosome 10”). More preferably, the condition to be treated in apatient in need theref by administering an effective amount of adisclosedcompound is a disorder selected from rheumatoid arthritis,asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), multiplesclerosis, psoriasis and other inflammatory skin disorders, systemiclupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel disease, and organ transplantrejection. For example, provided herein is a method of treating apatient suffering a disorder selected from the group consistingleukaemias (including e.g., chronic myelogenous leukaemia and acutemyeloid leukaemia), lymphoma, a solid tumour cancer such as breast,lung, or prostate cancer, PTEN-negative tumours including PTEN-negativehaematological, breast, lung, endometrial, skin, brain and prostatecancers (where PTEN refers to “phosphatise and tensin homolog deleted onchromosome 10”) comprising administering an effective amount of adisclosed compound.

The invention will now be illustrated by the following Examples.

EXAMPLES Synthesis of Intermediate X (a Precursor to the Compounds ofFormula I)

Reagents and conditions: 1) K₂CO₃, ethyl glycolate, DMF, 115° C.; 2) (i)chlorosulfonyl isocyanate, CH₂Cl₂, 0-10° C. then rt (ii) water, 75° C.(iii) NaOH max temp 40° C.; 3) POCl₃, N,N-dimethylaniline, 107° C.; 4)morpholine, MeOH, rt; 5) N,N,-dimethylacrylamide, PdCl₂(PPh₃)₂, NaOAc,DMF, 110° C.; 6) NaIO₄, OsO₄, THF, water, rt; 7) indole-4-boronic acidpinacol ester, PdCl₂(PPh₃)₂, sodium carbonate, dioxane, water, 102° C.

i. Ethyl-3-amino-5-bromofuro[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate

To a 10 L flask under N₂(g) was added5-bromo-2-chloropyridine-3-carbonitrile (435 g, 2.0 mol, 1 eq), DMF(2790 mL) and potassium carbonate (553 g, 4.0 mol, 2 eq). This wasfollowed by the addition of ethyl glycolate (208.2 mL, 2.2 mol, 1.1 eq).The reaction mixture was heated to 115° C. overnight. Upon completion,the reaction mixture was cooled to rt and water (13.1 L) was added, thisled to the formation of a precipitate. The mixture was stirred for 20mins, then filtered. The resulting brown solid was dried at 50° C.,slurried in Et₂O: heptane (9:1, 2.8 L) and filtered to give 405.6 g.Further purification via soxhlet extraction using TBME (4.5 L) yieldedthe product as a yellow solid (186 g, 34%). This procedure was repeatedtwice.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ_(H): 8.53 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 8.07 (d, J=2.0Hz, 1H), 5.00 (br. s., 2H), 4.44 (q, J=7.0 Hz, 2H), 1.44 (t, J=7.0 Hz,3H). MS (ES⁺) 309 (100%, [M+Na]⁺), 307 (100%, [M+Na]⁺).

ii. 12-Bromo-8-oxa-3,5,10-triazatricydo[7.4.0.0^(2,7)]trideca-1(9),2(7), 10, 12-tetraene-4, 6-dione

To ethyl-3-amino-5-bromofuro[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate (239.0 g, 0.84mol, eq) dissolved in CH₂Cl₂ (5.5 L) was added chlorosulfonyl isocyanate(87.6 mL, 1.0 mol, 1.2 eq) dropwise at 0-10° C. The resulting reactionwas stirred for 30 min, stripped to dryness and the resulting solidground to a fine powder. Water (5.5 L) was added to the solid and thesuspension was heated at 75° C. for 1 h. After cooling to rt, solid NaOH(335 g, 8.4 mol, 10 eq) was added allowing the reaction to exotherm(maximum temperature 40° C.). The reaction was cooled to 0-10° C. andthe pH adjusted to 5-6 using 5M HCl (˜1 L). The reaction was stirred for30 mins, then filtered. The solid was washed with water (2.3 L) andpulled dry. Further drying in a vacuum oven at 40° C. yielded theproduct as a brown solid (193 g, 76%). This procedure was repeatedtwice.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ_(H): 12.01 (br. s., 1H), 11.58 (br. s, 1H8.72 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 8.59 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H). MS (ES⁻) 282 (100%,[M+H]⁺).

iii.12-Bromo-4,6-dichloro-8-oxa-3,5,10-triazatricyclo[7.4.0.0^(2,7)]trideca-1(9),2(7), 3,5,10,12-hexaene

To 12-bromo-8-oxa-3,5,10-triazatricyclo[7.4.0.0^(2,7)]trideca-1(9),2(7), 10, 12-tetraene-4, 6-dione (387 g, 1.27 mol, 1 eq) was added POCl₃(6070 mL) and N,N-dimethylaniline (348 mL, 2.8 mol, 2.2 eq). The mixturewas heated at 107° C. for 10 h. Once cooled to rt, solvent was removedin vacuo azeotroping with toluene (3×3.9 L). The resulting residue waspartitioned between CH₂Cl₂ (12.76 L) and water (3.9 L) and the phasesseparated. The organic phase was washed with water (2×3.9 L). Thecombined aqueous was back-extracted with CH₂Cl₂ (7.7 L) and the combinedorganics dried over MgSO₄, filtered and stripped to yield the product asbrown solid (429 g, ˜quant.).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, COCl₃) δ_(H): 8.78 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 8.72 (d, J=2.5Hz, 1H).

iv.12-bromo-4-chloro-6-(morpholin-4-yl)-8-oxa-3,5,10-triazatricyclo[7.4.0.0^(2,7)]trideca-1(9), 2(7), 3,5,10,12-hexaene

To12-bromo-4,6-dichloro-8-oxa-3,5,10-triazatricyclo[7.4.0.0^(2,7)]trideca-1(9),2(7), 3,5,10,12-hexaene (419.3 g, 1.32 mol, 1 eq) in MeOH (8588 mL) wasadded Morpholine (259 mL, 2.90 mol, 2.2 eq) at rt. After stirring for 2h, water (0.8 L) was added. It was then cooled to 0-520 C. and stirredfor an additional 30 mins. The resulting solid was filtered, washed withwater (5.2 L) and pulled dry. Further purification by silica gel columnchromatography with CH₂Cl₂/EtOAc (1:0-9:1) yielded the desired product(419 g, 84%).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, COCl₃) δ_(H): 8.66 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 8.62 (d, J=2.0Hz, 1H), 4.07-4.21 (m, 4H), 3.85-3.91 (m, 4H). MS (ES⁺) 393 (100%,[M+Na]⁺), 391 (80%, [M+Na]⁺).

v.(2E)-3-[4-Chloro-6-(morpholin-4-yl)-8-oxa-3,5,10-triazatricyclo[7.4.0.0^(2,7)]trideca-1(9),2 (7) ,3,5,10,12-hexaen-12-yl]-N,N-dimethylprop-2-enamide

To12-bromo-4-chloro-6-(morpholin-4-yl)-8-oxa-3,5,10-triazatricyclo[7.4.0.0^(2,7)]trideca-1(9),2(7), 3,5,10,12-hexaene (60 g, 0.15 mol, 1 eq) was addedN,N-dimethylacrylamide (16.7 mL, 0.15 mol, 1 eq), PdCl₂(PPh₃)₂ (3.4 g,4.5 mmol, 0.03 eq) and NaOAc (40 g, 0.45 mol, 3 eq) in DMF (1.2 L). Thereaction was heated at 110° C. for 7 h. This process was repeated 3times and batches combined. Once cooled down to rt, solvent was removedin vacuo and the resulting residue was partitioned between CH₂Cl₂ (6.5L) and water (5.5 L). The phases were separated and the aqueous phasewas extracted with CH₂Cl₂ (2×4 L). The combined organics were washedwith brine (2×4 L), dried over MgSO₄, filtered and stripped. Theresulting solid was slurried in EtOAc/heptane (1:1, 0.8 L) for 30 mins,filtered, washed and washed with EtOAc/heptane (1:1, 2×450 mL). Furtherdrying in a vacuum oven at 40° C. yielded the desired product as anorange solid (203.0 g, 86%).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ_(H): 8.70 (s, 2H), 7.82 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H),7.07 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 4,11-4.19 (m, 4H), 3.85-3.93 (m, 4H), 3.22 (s,3H), 3.11 (s, 3H). MS (ES⁺) 388 (100%, [M+H]⁺).

vi.4-Chloro-6-(morpholin-4-yl)-8-oxa-3,5,10-triazatricyclo[7.4.0.0^(2,7)]trideca-1(9),2(7), 3,5,10,12-hexaene-12-carbaldehyde

(2E)-3-[4-chloro-6-(morpholin-4-yl)-8-oxa-3,5,10-triazatricyclo[7.4.0.0]^(2,7)trideca-1(9),2(7), 3,5,10,12-hexaen-12-yl]-N,N-dimethylprop-2-enamide (124.0 g, 0.39mol, 1 eq) was dissolved in THF (12.4 L) at 65° C., Once cooled to 35°C., water (4.1 L), NaIO₄ (205.4 g, 1.17 mol, 3 eq) and OsO₄ (2.5 wt % in^(t)BuOH, 80.3 mL, 2%) were added. The reaction was stirred at rt for 60h. The reaction was cooled to 0-5° C., stirred for 30 mins thenfiltered. The solid was washed with water (545 mL) and pulled dry. Thecrude product was combined with two further batches (2×118.3 g scale)and slurried in water (6.3 L) for 30 mins at rt. The solids werefiltered, washed with water (1.6 L) and pulled dry. Further drying in avacuum oven yielded the desired product as a pink solid (260 g, 88%)

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃: MeOD, 9:1) δ_(H): 10.13 (s, 1H), 9.04 (d, J=2.0Hz, 1H), 8.91 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 3.99-4.13 (m, 4H), 3.73-3.84 (m, 4H).MS (ES⁺) 351 (100%, [M+MeOH+H]⁺).

vii.4-(1H-Indol-4-yl)-6-(morpholin-yl)-8-oxa-3,5,10-triazatricyclo[7.4.0.0^(2,7)]trideca-1(9),2,4,6,10,12-hexaene-12-carbaldehyde

To4-chloro-6-(morpholin-4-yl)-8-oxa-3,5,10-triazatricyclo[7.4.0.0^(2,7)]trideca-1(9),2(7), 3,5,10,12-hexaene-12-carbaldehyde (164.4 g, 0.52 mol, 1 eq) wasadded indole-4-boronic acid pinacol ester (376.0 g, 1.55 mol, 3 eq),PdCl₂(PPh₃)₂ (72.0 g, 0.10 mol, 2 eq) and sodium carbonate (110.2 g,1.04 mol, 2 eq) in dioxane (16.4 L)/water (5.8 L). Reaction mixture wasrefluxed for 1 h. It was then cooled to 60-70° C. Water (9.8 L), brine(4.9 L) and EtOAc (9.5 L) were added. The phases were separated and theaqueous phase extracted with EtOAc (3×9.5 L) at 60-65° C. The combinedorganics were dried over MgSO₄, filtered and stripped. The resultingsolid was slurried in CH₂Cl₂ (4.75 L) for 30 mins, filtered, washed withCH₂Cl₂ (3×238 mL) and pulled dry. Further drying in a vacuum oven at 40°C. yielded intermediate X as a yellow solid (135.7 g, 66%).

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ_(H): 11.27 (br. s, 1H), 10.26 (s, 1H), 9.16(d, J=2.3 Hz, 1H), 9.11 (d, J=2.3 Hz, 1H), 8.18 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 1H),7.58-7.67 (m, 2H), 7.49 (t, J=2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.23 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H),4.08-4.16 (m, 4H), 3.83-3.90 (m, 4H). MS (ES⁺) 432.0 (100%,[M+MeOH+H]⁺).

Synthesis of Examples of the Present Invention Example A4-(1H-Indol-4-yl)-6-(morpholin-4-yl)-12-[(1S,4S)-2-oxa-5-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-5-ylmethyl]-8-oxa-3,5,10-triazatricyclo[7.4.0.0^(2,7)]trideca-1(13),2(7), 3,5,9,11-hexaene

To a suspension of intermediate X (7.00 g, 17.53 mmol, 1 eq),(1S,4S)-2-oxa-5-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane hydrochloride (7.13 g, 52.58mmol, 3 eq) and NaOAc (4.31 g, 52.58 mmol, 3 eq) in anhydrous CH₂Cl₂(150 mL) was added NaBH(OAc)₃ (7.43 g, 35.06 mmol, 2 eq). The reactionmixture was stirred at rt overnight. Then, it was partitioned with 1NNaOH (100 mL) and extracted with CH₂Cl₂ (3×200 mL). The combined organicextracts were washed with brine (50 mL) then dried over MgSO₄ and thesolvent was removed in vacuo. Purification by silica gel columnchromatography with EtOAc/MeOH (1:0-7:1) yielded the product A as awhite solid (6.02 g, 71%).

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ_(H): 8.65 (d, J32 2.1 Hz, 1H), 8.58 (d, J=2.1Hz, 1H), 8.37 (br. s., 1H), 8.24 (dd, J=7.5, 0.9 Hz, 1H), 7.62 (td,J=2.6, 0.8 Hz, 1H), 7.53 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.37-7.41 (m, 1H), 7.31-7.37(m, 1H), 4.47 (s, 1H), 4.22-4.30 (m, 4H), 4.18 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 3.98(d, J=2.3 Hz, 2H), 3.91-3.97 (m, 4H), 3.70 (dd, J=7.9, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 3.53(s, 1H), 2.94 (dd, J=10.0, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 2.64 (d, J=10.2 Hz, 1H), 1.97(dd, J=9.8, 1.9 Hz, 1H), 1.80 (dt, J=9.8, 1.1 Hz, 1H). MS (ES⁺) 483.1(100%, [M+H]⁺).

4-(1H -Indol-4-yl)-6-(morpholin-4-yl)-12-[(1S,4S)-2-oxa-5-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-5-ylmethy]-8-oxa-3,5,10-triazatricyclo[7.4.0.0^(2,7)]trideca-1(13),2(7), 3,5,9,11-hexaene; methanesulfonic acid

A (5.98 g, 12.38 mmol, 1 eq) was dissolved in hot EtOAc (1 L) and THF(200 mL). Once cooled down to rt, a solution of MsOH (884 μL, 13.6 mmol,1.1 eq) in EtOAc (5 mL) was added slowly. An instant yellow precipitateformed. The suspension was shaken vigorously for lOs then left to standat rt overnight. As solid settled, excess supernatant was decanted off(200 mL), then EtOAc was added (200 mL). The suspension was shaken againand left to stand for 1 h. This operation was repeated twice, then thesolvent was removed in vacuo. The salt form of A was obtained as ayellow solid (6.50 g, 91%).

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ_(H): 11.33 (br, s., 1H), 9.69-10.24 (m, 1H),9.05 (d, J=2.1 Hz, 1H), 8.79-8.93 (m, 1H), 8.19 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 1H),7.54-7.62 (m, 2H), 7.50 (t, J=2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.24 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H),4.64-4.89 (m, 2H), 4.47-4.61 (m, 2H), 4.14 (m, 4H), 3.94-4.00 (m, 2H),3.83-3.91 (m, 4H), 3.72-3.83 (m, 1H), 3.29-3.46 (m, 2H), 2,33 (s, 4H),2.02-2.15 (m, 1H). MS (ES⁺) 483.1 (100%, [M−MsOH+H]⁺).

Example B4-(1H-Indol-4-yl)-6-(morpholin-4-yl)-12-{2-oxa-7-azaspiro[3.5]nonan-7-ylmethyl}-8-oxa-3,5,10-triazatricylo[7.4.0.0^(2,7)]trideca-1(13), 2(7), 3,5,9,11-hexaene

To a suspension of intermediate X (3.108 g, 7.78 mmol 1 eq),2-oxa-7-azaspiro[3.5]nonane hemioxalate (4.02 g, 23.3 mmol, 3 eq) andNaOAc (1.91 g, 23.3 mmol, 3 eq) in anhydrous CH₂Cl₂ (280 mL) was addedNaBH(OAc)₃ (3.30 g, 15.6 mmol, 2 eq). The reaction mixture was stirredat rt overnight. Then, it was partitioned with 1N NaOH (150 mL) andextracted with CH₂Cl₂ (2×100 mL). The combined organic extracts werewashed with 50% brine (100 mL) then dried over MgSO₄ and the solvent wasremoved in vacuo. Purification by silica gel column chromatography withEtOAc/MeOH (1:0-8:1) yielded the product B as an off-white solid (3.154g, 79%).

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ_(H): 8.59 (d, J=2.1 Hz, 1H), 8.53 (d, J=1.9Hz, 1H), 8.41 (br, s., 1H), 8.24 (dd, J=7.4, 0.8 Hz, 1H), 7.61 (t, J=2.3Hz, 1H), 7.53 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.37-7.41 (m, 1H), 7.34 (t, J=7.9 Hz,1H), 4.43 (s, 4H), 4.22-4.30 (m, 4H), 3.86-4.00 (m, 4H), 3.68 (s, 2H),2.23-2.59 (m, 4H), 1.83-2.00 (m, 4H). MS (ES⁺) 511.1 (100%, [M+H]⁺).

4-(1H-indol-4-yl)-6-(morpholin-4-yl)-12-{2-oxa-7-azaspiro[3.5]nonan-7-ylmethyl}-8-oxa-3,5,10-triazatricyclo[7.4.0.0^(2,7)]trideca-1(13),2(7), 3,5,9,11-hexaene; methanesulfonic acid

To a solution of B (2.987 g, 5.854 mmol, 1 eq) in EtOAc (1.2 L, heat to70° C. for 5 min to dissolve) at rt was added a solution of MsOH (590μL, 6.14 mmol, 1.05 eq) in EtOAc (16 mL). A yellow precipitate formedinstantly. The suspension was shaken vigorously for 20 s then left tostand at rt overnight. The excess supernatant was decanted off (600 mL),then EtOAc was added (500 mL). The suspension was shaken again and leftto stand for 1 h before another 500 mL of excess supernatant wasdecanted off. The solvent was removed in vacuo to give the salt form ofF as a yellow solid (3.230 g, 91%).

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ_(H): 11.33 (br. s., 1H), 9.45 (br. s., 1H),8.90 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 8.72 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 8.19 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 1H),7.41-7.69 (m, 3H), 7.23 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 4.58 (d, J=3.8 Hz, 2H), 4.39(s, 2H), 4.29 (s, 2H), 4.03-4.22 (m, 4H), 3.81-3.97 (m, 4H), 3.40 (d,J=12.1 Hz, 2H), 2.88-3.13 (m, 2H). 2.33 (s, 3H), 2.26 (d, J=13.9 Hz,2H), 1.69-1.91 (m, 2H). MS (ES⁺) 511.1 (100%, [M−MsOH+H]⁺).

Example C 4-(1H-Indol-4-yl)-6-(morpholin-4-yl)-12-{8-oxa-3-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-ylmethy}-8-oxa-3,5,10-triazatricyclo[7.4.0.0^(2,7)]trideca-1(13), 2(7), 3,11-hexaene

To a suspension of intermediate X (100 mg, 0.25 mmol, 1 eq),8-oxa-3-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane hydrochloride (112 mg, 0.75 mmol, 3 eq)and NaOAc (62 mg, 0.75 mmol, 3 eq) in anhydrous CH₂Cl₂ (10 mL) was addedNaBH(OAc)₃ (106 mg, 0.50 mmol, 2 eq). The reaction mixture was stirredat rt overnight. Then, it was partitioned with 1N NaOH (10 mL),extracted with CH₂Cl₂ (3×10 mL). The combined organic extracts werewashed with brine (10 mL) then dried over MgSO₄ and the solvent wasremoved in vacuo. Purification by silica gel column chromatography withEtOAc/MeOH (1:0-49:1) yielded the product C as an off white solid (116mg, 93%).

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ_(H): 8.56 (d, J=3.6 Hz, 2H), 8.35 (br. s.,1H), 8.24 (d, J32 7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.58-7.66 (m, 1H), 7.51-7.57 (m, 1H),7.31-7.44 (m, 2H), 4.30-4.38 (m, 2H), 4.23-4.30 (m, 4H), 3.89-4.01 (m,4H), 3.68 (s, 2H), 2.61 (d, J=10.7 Hz, 2H), 2.40-2.52 (m, 2H), 1.96-2.09(m, 2H), 1.83-1.95 (m, 2H). MS (ES³⁰) 497.1 (100%, [M+H]⁺).

Example D4-(1H-indol-4-yl)-12-({2-methyl-2,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl}methyl)-6-(morpholin-4-yl)-8-oxa-3,5,10-triazatricyclo[7.4.0.0^(2,7)]trideca-1(13),2(7), 3,5,9,11-hexaene

To a suspension of intermediate X (1.02 g, 2.55 mmol, 1 eq),2-methyl-2,8-diazaspiro[4,5]decane hydrochloride (1.46 g, 7.66 mmol, 3eq) and NaOAc (628 mg, 7.66 mmol, 3 eq) in anhydrous CH₂Cl₂ (100 mL) wasadded NaBH(OAc)₃ (1.08 g, 5.1 mmol, 2 eq). The reaction mixture wasstirred at rt overnight. Then, it was partitioned with 1N NaOH (30 mL)and extracted with CH₂Cl₂ (3×50 mL). The combined organic extracts werewashed with brine (10 mL) then dried over MgSO₄ and the solvent wasremoved in vacuo. Purification by silica gel column chromatography withCH₂Cl₂/MeOH (0:1-4:1) yielded the product D as a white solid (890 mg,65%).

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ_(H): 8.60 (d, J=2.1 Hz, 1H), 8.54 (d, J=2.1Hz, 1H), 8.39 (br. s., 1H), 8.24 (dd, J=7.4, 0.8 Hz, 1H), 7.62 (t, J=2.3Hz, 1H), 7.53 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.38 (t, J=2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.30-7.37 (m,1H), 4.21-4.31 (m, 4H), 3.89-3.99 (m, 4H), 3.69 (s, 2H), 2.59 (t, J=6.8Hz, 2H), 2.38-2.50 (m, 5H), 2.35 (s, 3H), 1.54-1.73 (m, 7H). MS (ES⁺)538.2 (100%. [M+H]⁺).

4-(1H-Indol-4-yl)-12-({2-methyl-2,8-diazaspiro[4,5]decan-8-yl}methyl)-6-(morpholin-4-yl)-8-oxa-3,5,10-triazatricyclo[7.4.0.0^(2,7)]trideca-1(13), 2(7), 3,5,9,11-hexaene;bis(methanesulfonic acid)

Compound D (821 mg, 1.52 mmol, 1 eq) was dissolved in hot EtOAc (400mL). Once cooled down to rt, a solution of MsOH (218 μL, 3.36 mmol, 2.2eq) in EtOAc (5 mL) was added slowly. An instant yellow precipitateformed. The suspension was shaken vigorously for 10 s then left to standat rt overnight. As solid settled, excess supernatant was decanted off(200 mL), then EtOAc was added (200 mL). The suspension was shaken againand left to stand for 1 h. This operation was repeated twice, then thesolvent was removed in vacuo. The salt form of D was obtained as ayellow solid (1.037 g, 93%).

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ_(H): 11.32 (br. s., 1H), 9.46-10.03 (m, 2H),8.93 (d, J=2.1 Hz, 1H), 8.76 (d, J=1.7 Hz, 1H), 8.19 (dd, J=7.4, 0.7 Hz,1H), 7.53-7.60 (m, 2H), 7.50 (t, J=2.6 Hz, 1H), 7.24 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 1H),4.63 (br. s., 2H), 4.10-4.20 (m, 4H), 3.82-3.91 (m, 5H), 3.54-3.77 (m,2H), 3.36-3.51 (m, 2H), 3.05-3.25 (m, 3H), 2.89-3.03 (m, 1H), 2.80-2.89(m, 3H), 2.36 (s, 6H), 2.02-2.17 (m, 1H), 1.65-1.95 (m, 4H). MS (ES⁺)538.2 (100%, [M−2MsOH+H]⁺).

Example E4-(1H-Indol-4-yl)-12-({7-methyl-2,7-diazaspiro[4,4]nonan-2-yl}methyl)-6-(morpholin-4-yl)-8-oxa-3,5,10-triazatricyclo[7.4.0.0^(2,7)]trideca-1(13), 2(7), 3,5,9,11-hexaene

To a suspension of intermediate X (250 mg, 0.63 mmol, 1 eq),2-methyl-2,7-diazaspiro[4,4]nonane dihydrochloride (400 mg, 1.87 mmol, 3eq) and NaOAc (305 mg, 3.70 mmol, 6 eq) in anhydrous CH₂Cl₂ (20 mL) wasadded NaBH(OAc)₃ (265 mg, 1.25 mmol, 2 eq). The reaction mixture wasstirred at rt overnight. Then, it was partitioned with 1N NaOH (10 mL),extracted with CH₂Cl₂ (3×10 mL) and EtOAc (10 mL). The combined organicextracts were washed with brine (10 mL) then dried over MgSO₄ and thesolvent was removed in vacua. Purification by silica gel columnchromatography with CH₂Cl₂/MeOH (0:1-4:1) yielded the product E as awhite solid (169 mg, 52%).

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ_(H): 8.58 (d, J=2.1 Hz, 1H), 8.53 (d, J=2.1Hz, 1H), 8.48 (br. s., 1H), 8.23 (dd, J=7.4, 0.8 Hz, 1H), 7.63 (t, J=2.2Hz, 1H), 7.53 (d, J=7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.39 (t, J=2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.29-7.36 (m,1H), 4.21-4.30 (m, 4H), 3.89-3.99 (m, 4H), 3.72-3.85 (m, 2H), 2.49-2.83(m, 8H), 2.45 (s, 3H ), 1.81-2.06 (m, 4H). MS (ES⁺) 524.1 (100%,[M+H]⁺).

4-(1H-Indol-4yl)-12-({7-methyl-2,7-diazaspira[4.4]nonan-2-yl}methyl)-6-(morpholin-4-yl)-8-oxa-3,5,10-triazatricyclo[7.4.0.0^(2,7)]trideca-1(13),2(7), 3,5,9,11-hexaene; bis(methanesulfonic acid)

Compound E (129 mg, 0.25 mmol, 1 eq) was dissolved in hot EtOAc (50 mL).Once cooled down to rt, a solution of MsOH (35 μL, 0.54 mmol, 2.2 eq) inEtOAc (2 mL) was added slowly. An instant yellow precipitate formed. Thesuspension was shaken vigorously for 10 s then left to stand at rtovernight. As solid settled, excess supernatant was decanted off (20mL), then EtOAc was added (20 mL). The suspension was shaken again andleft to stand for 1 h. This operation was repeated twice, then thesolvent was removed in vacuo. The salt form of E was obtained as ayellow solid (173 mg, 98%).

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ_(H): 11.33 (br. s., 1H), 10.39 (br. s., 1H),9.72-10.12 (m, 1H), 8.73-9.09 (m, 2H), 8.19 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.41-7.63(m, 3H), 7.24 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 4.53-4.87 (m, 2H), 4.10-4.22 (m, 4H),3.79-3.93 (m, 4H), 3.32-3.77 (m, 6H), 2.99-3.29 (m, 2H), 2.78-2.89 (m,3H), 2.36 (s, 6H), 1.87-2.22 (m, 3H). MS (ES⁺) 524.5 (100%,[M−2MsOH+H]⁺).

Example F4-(1H-Indol-4-yl)-6-(morpholin-4-yl)-12-[(1R,4R)-2-oxa-5-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-5-ylmethyl]1-8-oxa-triazatricyclo[7.4.0.0^(2,7)]trideca-1(13),2(7), 3,5,9,11-hexaene

To a suspension of intermediate X (200 mg, 0.50 mmol, 1 eq),(1R,4R)-2-oxa-5-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane hydrochloride (204 mg, 1.50mmol, 3 eq) and NaOAc (123 mg, 1.5 mmol, 3 eq) in anhydrous CH₂Cl₂ (10mL) was added NaBH(OAc)₃ (160 mg, 0.76 mmol, 2 eq). The reaction mixturewas stirred at rt overnight. Then, it was partitioned with 1N NaOH (20mL) and extracted with CH₂Cl₂ (3×20 mL). The combined organic extractswere passed through a phase separator and the solvent was removed invacuo. Purification by silica gel column chromatography with EtOAc/MeOH(1:0-9:1) yielded the product F as a white solid (141.1 mg, 59%).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ_(H): 8.64 (d, J=2.1 Hz, 1H), 8.57 (d, J=2.1Hz, 1H), 8.35 (br. s., 1H), 8.23 (dd, J=7.5, 0.9 Hz, 1H), 7.62 (m, 1H),7.53 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.36-7.39 (m, 1H), 7.31-7.36 (m, 1H), 4.46 (s,1H), 4.25 (m, 4H), 4.18 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 3.97 (d, J=2.3 Hz, 2H),3.93-3.97 (m, 4H), 3.68 (dd, J=7.9, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 3.53 (s, 1H), 2.93 (dd,J=10.0, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 2.62 (d, J=10.2 Hz, 1H), 1.95 (dd, J=9.8, 1.9 Hz,1H), 1.79 (dt, J=9.8, 1.1 Hz, 1H). MS (ES⁺) 483.1 (100%, [M+H]⁺).

4-(1H-Indol-4-yl)-6-(morpholin-4-yl)-12-[(1R,4R)-2-oxa-5-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-5-ylmethyl]-8-oxa-3,5,10-triazatricyclo[7.4.0.0^(2,7)]trideca-1(13),2(7), 3,5,9,11-hexaene; methanesulfonic acid

Compound F (141 mg, 0.29 mmol, leg) was dissolved in hot EtOAc (100 mL)then treated with 0.87 ml of a 0.308 M MsOH solution in EtOAc undervigorously swirling. The mixture was set aside overnight. The excesssupernatant was decanted (using a small Pasteur pipette) and more EtOAc(50 ml) was added. The suspension was once again shaken vigorously thenleft to stand at rt overnight. The excess supernatant was once moredecanted and the solvent was removed in vacuo. The resulting solid wasdried in a vacuum oven at 40° C. The salt form of F was obtained as ayellow solid (160 mg, 95%).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ_(H): 11.33 (br. s., 1H), 9.65-10.16 (m, 1H),9.05 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 8.83-8.90 (m, 1H), 8.20 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 1H),7.58-7.61 (m, 1H), 7.56 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.51 (t, J=2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.23(t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 4.82 (dd, J=13.1, 4.5 Hz, 1H), 4.65-4.76 (m, 1H),4.50-4.59 (m, 2H), 4.11-4.19 (m, 4H), 3.99 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 3.88 (t,J=4.5 Hz, 4H), 3.78 (dd, J=9.5, 1.4 Hz, 1H), 3.31-3.38 (m, 2H),2.52-2.57 (m, 1H), 2.30 (s, 3H), 2.02-2.18 (m, 1H). MS (ES⁺) 483.2(100%, [M−MsOH+H]⁺).

Example G4-(1H-indol-4-yl)-6-(morpholin-4-yl)-12-{6-oxa-1-azaspiro[3.3]heptan-1-ylmethyl}-8-oxa-3,5,10-triazatricyclo[7.4.0.0^(2,7)]trideca-1(13), 2(7), 3,5,9,11-hexaene

Intermediate X (125 mg, 0.31 mmol), 6-oxa-1-azaspiro[3.3]heptanehemioxalate (134 mg, 0.93 mmol, 3 eq) and NaOAc (76 mg, 0.93 mmol, 3 eq)were suspended in CH₂Cl₂ (16 mL) at rt. The mixture was stirred for 15mins then NaBH(OAc)₃ (131 mg, 0.62 mmol, 2 eq) was added. The resultingsuspension was stirred at rt overnight. The reaction mixture was thenpartitioned with 0.5 N NaOH (8 mL) and extracted with CH₂Cl₂ (2×10 mL).The combined organics were washed with 50% brine (5 mL) then dried overMgSO₄ and the solvent was removed in vacuo. The residue was dissolved inDMSO (2 mL) and purified by basic preparative LCMS to yield G as a whitesolid (48 mg, 32%).

¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆) δ_(H): 11.30 (br s, 1H), 8.62 (s, 2H), 8.18 (d, J=7.6Hz, 1H), 7.51-7.58 (m, 2H), 7.46-7.51 (m, 1H), 7.22 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H),4.89 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 2H), 4.55 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 4.08-4.17 (m, 4H), 4.03(s, 2H), 3.81-3.91 (m, 4H), 3.03 (t, J=6.7 Hz, 2H), 2.32 (t, J=6.7 Hz,2H). MS (ES⁺) 483.3 (100%, [M+H]⁺).

Biological Data

Fold form selectivity inhibition data against PI3K isoforms, asdetermined using a HTRF biochemical assay, is listed below.

Fold IC₅₀ Example p110β/ρ110α p110β/ρ110γ p110δ/p110α p110δ/p110γ A * *** ** B ** ** ** ** D ** ** ** ** E ** ** ** ** Key: * = ≥10x ≥ 50x; **= ≥50x

IC₅₀ (nM) PI3K Example p110α p110β p110δ p110γ G * * * ** Key: **** ≥10uM; *** ≤10 uM ≥ 1 uM; ** ≤1 uM ≥ 500 nM; * ≤500 nM

Rodent Pharmacokinetic Comparative Data

Disclosed compounds have increased bioavailability and reduced clearance(data below for mice).

Example A

The following protocol was used to determine oral bioavailability andclearance, and the results are shown below:

-   -   Species=male mouse;    -   Strain=CD1;    -   n=3 male mice per time point per route;    -   Terminal blood sampling at 8 time points (5 min, 10 min, 0.5 hr,        1 hr, 3 hr, 6 hr, 8 hr and, 24 hr);    -   Collection of plasma, bio-analysis and report of AUC, AUMC, Vss,        CL, half-life, MRT and bioavailability.

Formulation: 10% DMSO, 90% Saline

Dosing: 10 mg/kg P.O. and 5 mg/kg I.V.

Plasma PK Summary

Value - Mesylate Salt Parameters - IV, 5 mg/kg t_(1/2) (hr) 1.3 T_(max)(hr) 0.08 C_(max) (ng/mL) 2640 AUC_(last) (hr*ng · mL) 3905 AUC_(all)(hr*ng/mL) 3905 AUC_(inf) (hr*ng/mL) 3946 Clearance (mL/hr/Kg) 1267 Vd(mL/Kg) 2441 Parameters - PO, 10 mg/kg t_(1/2) (hr) 1.3 T_(max) (hr)1.00 C_(max) (ng/mL) 1973 AUC_(last) (hr*ng/mL) 5625 AUC_(all)(hr*ng/mL) 5625 AUC_(inf) (hr* ng/mL) 5822 F 73.77%

Example A

Oral bioavailability (F)=74%

Clearance=21 mL/min/kg

Example B

The following protocol was used to determine oral bioavailability andclearance, and the results are shown below:

-   -   Species=male mouse;    -   Strain=Balb/c:    -   18 male mice were divided into two groups Group 1 (3 mg/kg:        I.V.), Group 2 (10 mg/kg; P.O.) with each group comprising of        nine mice;    -   Blood samples (approximately 60 μL) were collected from retro        orbital plexus under light isoflurane anesthesia such that the        samples were obtained at pre-dose, 0.08, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8        and 24 hr (I.V.) and pre-dose, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 24        hr (P.O.);    -   The blood samples were collected from a set of three mice at        each time point in labeled micro centrifuge tube containing        K2EDTA as anticoagulant;    -   Plasma samples were separated by centrifugation of whole blood        and stored below −70° C. until bioanalysis;    -   All samples were processed for analysis by protein precipitation        using acetonitrile (ACN) and analyzed with fit for purpose        LC/MS/MS method (LLOQ: 2.02 ng/mL);    -   Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using the        non-compartmental analysis tool of Phoenix WinNonlin (Version        6.3).

Formulation

Animals in Group 1 were administered intravenously with Example Bsolution formulation in 20% Propylene Glycol, 50% of PEG 400 and 30% of(20% HPβCD in water) via tail vein at a dose of 3 mg/kg.

Animals in Group 2 were administered with oral solution formulation ofExample B in 20% Propylene Glycol, 50% of PEG 400 and 30% of (20% HPβCDin water) at a dose of 10 mg/kg;

Dosing: 10 mg/kg P.O. and 3 mg/kg I.V.

Plasma PK Summary

Value - Mesylate Salt Parameters - IV, 3 mg/kg t_(1/2) (hr) 1.23 C_(max)(ng/mL) 621.42 AUC_(last) (hr*ng · mL) 1512.20 AUC_(inf) (hr*ng/mL)1512.20 Clearance (mL/hr/Kg) 1983.6 Vss (L/Kg) 5.51 Parameters - PO, 10mg/kg T_(max) (hr) 1.00 C_(max) (ng/mL) 779.58 AUC_(last) (hr*ng/mL)3725.56 AUC_(inf) (hr* ng/mL) 4103.86 F 74%

Example B

Oral bioavailability (F)=74%

Clearance=33 mL/min/kg

Example G

The following protocol was used to determine oral bioavailability andclearance, and the results are shown below:

-   -   Species=male mouse;    -   Strain=Balb/c;    -   18 male mice were divided into two groups Group 1 (3 mg/kg;        I.V.), Group 2 (10 mg/kg; P.O.) with each group comprising of        nine mice;    -   Blood samples (approximately 60 μL) were collected from retro        orbital plexus under light isoflurane anesthesia such that the        samples were obtained at pre-dose, 0.08, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8        and 24 hr (I.V.) and pre-dose, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 24        hr (P.O.);    -   The blood samples were collected from set of three mice at each        time point in labeled micro centrifuge tube containing K2EDTA as        anticoagulant;    -   Plasma samples were separated by centrifugation of whole blood        and stored below −70° C. until bioanalysis;    -   All samples were processed for analysis by protein precipitation        using acetonitrile (ACN) and analyzed with fit for purpose        LC/MS/MS method (LLOQ: 2.47 ng/mL);    -   Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using the        non-compartmental analysis tool of Phoenix WinNonlin (Version        6.3).

Formulation

Animals in Group 1 were administered intravenously with Example Gsolution formulation in 5% NMP, 5% solutol HS-15 in 90% HPβCD solution(20% HPβCD in RO water) at 3 mg/kg dose.

Animals in Group 2 were administered orally with 10 mg/kg solutionformulation of Example G in 5% NMP, 5% solutol HS-15 in 90% HPβCDsolution (20% HPβCD in RO water)

Dosing: 10 mg/kg P.O. and 3 mg/kg I.V.

Plasma PK Summary

Value - Mesylate Salt Parameters - IV, 3 mg/kg t_(1/2) (hr) 0.59 C_(max)(ng/mL) 2205.80 AUC_(last) (hr*ng · mL) 1918.37 AUC_(inf) (hr*ng/mL)1935.24 Clearance (mL/hr/Kg) 1550.4 Vss (L/Kg) 1.25 Parameters - PO, 10mg/kg T_(max) (hr) 0.25 C_(max) (ng/mL) 833.35 AUC_(last) (hr*ng/mL)1892.53 AUC_(inf) (hr* ng/mL) 2144.97 F 30%

Example G

Oral bioavailability (F)=30%

Clearance=26 mL/min/kg

Comparative Example (Example I in WO2011/021038)

The following protocol was used to determine oral bioavailability andclearance, and the results are shown below:

-   -   Species=male mouse;    -   Strain=CD1;    -   n=3 male mice per time point per route;    -   Terminal blood sampling at 8 time points (5 min, 10 min, 0.5 hr,        1 hr, 3 hr, 6 hr, 8 hr and, 24 hr);    -   Collection of plasma, bio-analysis and report of AUC, AUMC, Vss,        CL, half-life, MRT and bioavailability.

Formulation: 10% DMSO, 90% Saline

Dosing: 10 mg/kg P.O. and 5 mg/kg I.V.

Plasma PK Summary

Value - Mesylate Salt Value - HCl Salt Parameters - IV, 5 mg/kg t_(1/2)(hr) 1.6 7.6 T_(max) (hr) 0.08 0.08 C_(max) (ng/mL) 1618 1712 AUC_(last)(hr*ng · mL) 1245 1479 AUC_(all) (hr*ng/mL) 1245 1479 AUC_(inf)(hr*ng/mL) 1261 1515 Clearance (mL/hr/Kg) 3966 3300 Vd (mL/Kg) 460110063 Parameters - PO, 10 mg/kg t_(1/2) (hr) 1.9 1.8 T_(max) (hr) 1.01.0 C_(max) (ng/mL) 212 322 AUC_(last) (hr*ng/mL) 657 849 AUC_(all)(hr*ng/mL) 657 849 AUC_(inf) (hr* ng/mL) 700 896 F 27.8% 29.6%

Example I in WO2011/021038 (Comparative)

Oral bioavailability (F)=28%

Clearance=66 mL/min/kg

Summary

Compound Oral Bioavailability (F) Clearance (mL/min/kg) Example A 74 21Example B 74 33 Example G 30 26 Example I from 28 66 WO2011/021038(comparative)

1. A method of treating a cancer in a patient in need thereof, whereinthe cancer is selected from the group consisting of a leukemia,lymphoma, solid tumour, and PTEN-negative tumour, the method comprisingadministering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of acompound of formula I:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: W is selectedfrom the group consisting of O, N—H, N—(C₁-C₁₀ alkyl) and S; each X isindependently CH or N; R¹ is a 5 to 7-membered saturated or unsaturated,optionally substituted heterocycle containing at least 1 heteroatomselected from N or O; R² is LY; each L is selected from the groupconsisting of a direct bond, C₁-C₁₀ alkylene, C₂-C₁₀ alkenylene, andC₂-C₁₀ alkynylene; Y is selected from:

wherein: A is selected from the group consisting of O, S, NR⁴,optionally substituted C₁-C₃ alkylene, optionally substituted C₂-C₃alkenylene, and optionally substituted C₂-C₃ alkynylene; W is selectedfrom the group consisting of NR⁴, O and CH₂; wherein R⁴ is selected fromthe group consisting of H, optionally substituted C₁-C₁₀ alkyl,optionally substituted C₂-C₁₀ alkenyl, and optionally substituted C₂-C₁₀alkynyl; p is selected from 0 or 1; each m is independently selectedfrom the group consisting of 0, 1 and 2; and each n is independentlyselected from the group consisting of 1, 2 and 3; and each R³ isindependently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁-C₁₀ alkyl,halogen, fluoro C₁-C₁₀ alkyl, O— C₁-C₁₀ alkyl, NH—C₁-C₁₀ alkyl, S—C₁-C₁₀alkyl, O-fluoro C₁-C₁₀ alkyl, NH-acyl, NH—C(O)—NH—C₁-C₁₀ alkyl,C(O)—NH—C₁-C₁₀ alkyl, aryl and heteroaryl.
 2. The method according toclaim 1, wherein R¹ is represented by any of the following structures:


3. The method according to claim 1, wherein R¹ is morpholine.
 4. Themethod according to claim 1, wherein W is O or S.
 5. The methodaccording to claim 1, wherein W is O.
 6. The method compound accordingto claim 1, wherein X is CH.
 7. The method according to claim 1, whereinR³ is H.
 8. The method compound according to claim 1, wherein L isC₁-C₁₀ alkylene.
 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein Y containsone or two heteroatoms.
 10. (canceled)
 11. The method according to claim1, wherein A is O or C₁-C₃ alkylene.
 12. The method compound accordingto claim 1, wherein W at Y is O or CH₂.
 13. The method according toclaim 1, which is illustrated by any one of the following structures:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 14.-21. (canceled) 22.The method of claim 1, wherein L is methylene.
 23. The method of claim1, wherein Y contains two heteroatoms.
 24. The method of claim 1,wherein A is methylene.
 25. The method of claim 1, wherein W at Y is O.26. The method of claim 1, wherein the leukemia is chronic myelogenousleukemia or acute myeloid leukemia.
 27. The method of claim 1, whereinthe PTEN-negative tumor is selected from the group consisting ofPTEN-negative haematological, breast, lung, endometrial, skin, brain andprostate cancer